Locomotives of the Fairlie Engine and Steam Carriage Company: 1869-1870

Aug 23, 2022 | Archive

The Challenge

Kingston University design student Benny approached Maybrey Precision Castings with an innovative aluminium door handle concept that formed part of his final-year project. Having already produced a 3D printed prototype complete with the appropriate draft angles for sand casting, the initial objective was to manufacture a sample casting to validate the design.

Following the successful sample, Benny wanted to progress to a production-ready solution. As a student working within a limited budget, commissioning a professionally manufactured pattern was not financially viable, so he made the decision to manufacture the pattern himself at the Kingston University workshop.

To achieve a fully functional casting, the door handle required a hollow section at one end to accommodate the fixing mechanism. This introduced an additional level of complexity, requiring not only a pattern but also a correctly designed core box and core print arrangement to produce and accurately locate the sand core within the mould.

Our Solution

Working closely with Benny throughout the project, our technical team provided guidance at every stage of the tooling design process. Through a series of video calls, we discussed the complete pattern design, including impression layout, moulding box size, pattern orientation and the overall setup required for successful production.

Particular attention was given to the design of the core box and core prints. We explained how the positive core print on the pattern and the corresponding negative feature within the core box would accurately locate the sand core during mould assembly, ensuring the finished casting incorporated the required hollow section.

Using this guidance, Benny produced the complete pattern and core box design in CAD before submitting it to Maybrey Precision Castings for technical review and approval. Once approved, the tooling was manufactured at the Kingston University workshop.

Collaboration and Delivery

With the tooling complete, Benny visited our foundry in Aylesford, where he experienced the complete sand-casting process first-hand. Working alongside our experienced foundry team, he was shown each stage of production, from mould preparation and pattern setup through to core placement, aluminium melt preparation and the pouring of the moulds.

This collaborative approach enabled Benny to see how design decisions made during the development phase directly influenced the manufacturing process, providing valuable practical experience that cannot be gained in a classroom environment alone.

The Result

The finished aluminium castings met the design requirements and demonstrated a successful transition from concept, through tooling design, to completed cast components.

Benny was delighted with the finished door handles, which were exhibited at Kingston University's end-of-year showcase. The quality of his project led to his selection to exhibit at the prestigious New Designers Show in London, where emerging designers from across the UK present their work to industry professionals.

This project demonstrates Maybrey Precision Castings' commitment to supporting innovation and developing the next generation of engineers and product designers. By sharing our technical expertise and working collaboratively throughout the design and manufacturing process, we helped transform a student's concept into a professionally manufactured product ready for national exhibition.

Whether restoring history, supporting innovation or creating something entirely new, Maybrey Precision Castings combines traditional foundry craftsmanship with modern engineering expertise to turn ambitious ideas into exceptional castings.

Compiled by Grahame Hood. Format: Year / Works No. / Wheel arrangement / Cylinders / Driving wheel / Gauge / Operator / Name.

Following the retirement of George England Senior in 1869, the Hatcham Iron Works was taken over by George England Junior and Robert Fairlie, trading as The Fairlie Engine and Steam Carriage Company. The company produced only a small number of locomotives before closing. The works were sold in 1872.


1869

Works no. n/k / 0-4-4-0T / Outside cylinders 8.25" × 13" / Driving wheel 2ft 4in / 1ft 11.5in gauge / Festiniog Railway / No. 7 Little Wonder

The celebrated double-bogie Fairlie patent locomotive, built to demonstrate Robert Fairlie's design on the Festiniog Railway. Its success led to worldwide interest in the Fairlie system and to the building of more than 330 patent locomotives exported to 21 countries.

1869

Works no. n/k / 0-4-4-0T / Cylinders n/k / Driving wheel n/k / Standard gauge / Purchased by England from James Cross (not built at Hatcham; built by James Cross in 1865 for the Neath and Brecon Railway) / Progress

"According to Engineering for 11th June 1869, p.406, England had purchased from James Cross of St Helens the engine Progress. It had been built three or four years ago and has recently become the property of Mr England. What he did with it, I do not know, unless he altered it and sold it under another name. Was it the Fairlie engine which went to the Chemin de fer de la Vendee?"

G.H. Dickson, SLS Journal, 1961, p.211.

1869

Steam Car (details not recorded)

1869/1870

Works no. n/k / 0-4-4-0T / Outside cylinders 10" × 18" / Driving wheel 3ft 6in / Standard gauge / Nassjo Oscarshamn Railway (Sweden) / Pioneer (later renamed Mountaineer, for the Burry Port and Gwendraeth Valley Railway in South Wales)

Two locomotives of the 0-4-4-0 type were ordered by the Nassjo-Oscarshamn Railway in Sweden, but the first, when completed in December 1869, was sold instead to the Burry Port and Gwendraeth Valley Railway in South Wales. In 1877 it was tried on the severe gradients of the Pantyffynon to Rhos line of the Great Western Railway. It appears to have been dismantled at Burry Port before 1900.

The second locomotive was delivered to Sweden to the British contractor J. Morton and Sons and named Morton. After the failure of this firm it was transferred to their successors Clark, Punchard and Co., who renamed it Clark. It later carried No. 1 of the railway. When taken over by NOJ in 1874 it was renamed Hultenhein. It ceased work in 1902 after a boiler explosion.

Dimensions for both locomotives: cylinders 10 inch diameter by 18 inch stroke; wheels 3ft 6in diameter; bogie wheelbase 5ft; total wheelbase 19ft 6in; boiler barrels 8ft 6in long by 2ft 10in diameter; heating surface of tubes 763 sq ft; fireboxes 70 sq ft; total heating surface 833 sq ft; grate area 11 sq ft; water tank capacity 700 gallons; coal bunker capacity 15cwt; total weight 25 tons.

The Fairlie Locomotive, Rowland A.S. Abbott, David and Charles, 1970.

1870

Works no. n/k / 0-4-4-0T / Outside cylinders 10" × 18" / Driving wheel 3ft 6in / Standard gauge / Chemin de fer de la Vendee (France) / Angleterre

"A curious error in the list of engines taken over from the Chemins de fer de la Vendee points to George England as the builder of their one and only Fairlie locomotive. All the other engines taken over are listed under the maker's name, but in the case of the Fairlie locomotive there is merely the mention of Angleterre. I am quite convinced that this is an error, the name of the builder being taken for that of the country of origin. It might have been Cross's engine Progress which England purchased."

G.H. Dickson, SLS Journal, 1961, p.212. Note: Grahame Hood adds: Unsure if this is correct.

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